ʻO ka pā poepoe kila kila me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi
Hoʻonohonoho Kūkulu
Hao (Fe): ʻo ia ke kumu metala o ke kila kila;
ʻO Chromium (Cr): ʻo ia ka mea nui e hoʻokumu ana i ka ferrite, hiki i ka chromium i hui pū ʻia me ka oxygen ke hoʻoulu i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation Cr2O3 corrosion-resistant, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kumu o ke kila kila e mālama i ke kūpaʻa corrosion, hoʻonui ka ʻike chromium i ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation o ke kila, ʻo ka ʻike chromium kila kila maʻamau ma luna o 12%;
ʻO ke kalapona (C): he mea hoʻokumu austenite ikaika, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ikaika o ke kila, me ke kalapona i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho he hopena maikaʻi ʻole nō hoʻi;
ʻO Nickel (Ni): ʻo ia ka mea nui e hoʻokumu ana i ka austenite, hiki ke hoʻolohi i ka pala o ke kila a me ka ulu ʻana o nā palaoa i ka wā e hoʻomehana ai;
ʻO Molybdenum (Mo): ʻo ia ka mea hoʻokumu carbide, ua paʻa loa ka carbide i hoʻokumu ʻia, hiki ke pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka austenite i ka wā e wela ai, e hōʻemi i ka ʻike superheat o ke kila, a eia kekahi, hiki i ka molybdenum ke hoʻolilo i ka ʻili passivation i ʻoi aku ka paʻa a me ka paʻa, a pēlā e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ai i ke kūpaʻa o ke kila kila Cl-corrosion;
ʻO Niobium, titanium (Nb, Ti): he mau mea hana carbide ikaika ia, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa o ke kila i ka corrosion intergranular. Eia nō naʻe, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ko ka titanium carbide i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili o ke kila kila, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ʻia ke kila kila me nā koi ʻili kiʻekiʻe ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka niobium e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana.
ʻO ka Naikokene (N): he mea hana austenite ikaika ia, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ikaika o ke kila. Akā, ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka haki ʻana o ke kila kila, no laila, ʻo ke kila kila i ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ai e kāohi pono i ka nui o ka naikokene.
ʻO ka Phosphorus, sulfur (P, S): he mea ʻino ia i loko o ke kila kila, hiki i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala a me ka hehi ʻana o ke kila kila ke loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole.
Hōʻike Huahana
mea hana a me ka hana
| Mea Hana | Nā ʻano |
| 310S kila kila | ʻO ke kila kila 310S he kila kila austenitic chromium-nickel me ke kūpaʻa oxidation maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa corrosion, ma muli o ka pakeneka kiʻekiʻe o ka chromium a me ka nickel, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikaika kolo o 310S, hiki ke hoʻomau i ka hana i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi. |
| ʻO ka pā poepoe kila kila 316L | 1) Maikaʻi ka ʻōlinolino a nani hoʻi ke ʻano o nā huahana i ʻōwili anu ʻia. 2) kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala, ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i ka lua, ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o Mo 3) ikaika wela kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi loa; 4) ka paʻakikī hana maikaʻi loa (nā waiwai magnetic nāwaliwali ma hope o ka hana ʻana) 5) ʻaʻole magnetic i ke kūlana hopena paʻa. |
| 316 kila kila poepoe | Nā ʻano: ʻO ke kila kila 316 ka lua o ka kila i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma hope o 304, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me nā lako hana ʻokiʻoki, ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o Mo, no laila ʻo kona kūpaʻa i ka pala, ke kūpaʻa i ka pala ʻana o ka lewa a me ka ikaika o ka mahana kiʻekiʻe he maikaʻi loa ia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā kūlana paʻakikī; paʻakikī hana maikaʻi loa (ʻaʻohe magnetic). |
| 321 kila kila poepoe | Nā ʻano: ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea Ti i ke kila 304 e pale i ka pala o ka palena o ka palaoa, kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mahana o 430 ℃ - 900 ℃. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea titanium e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka pala o ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia, aia nā waiwai ʻē aʻe e like me 304. |
| 304L kila poepoe kuhiliʻole | ʻO ke kila poepoe kila kila 304L kahi ʻano like ʻole o ke kila kila kila 304 me ka haʻahaʻa o ke kalapona a hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi kahi e pono ai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ke kalapona e hōʻemi i ka ua ʻana o ka carbide ma ka ʻāpana i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka wela kokoke i ka weld, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka intergranular corrosion (weld erosion) o ke kila kila ma kekahi mau wahi. |
| 304 kila kila poepoe | Nā ʻano: ʻO ke kila kila 304 kekahi o nā kila kila chromium-nickel i hoʻohana nui ʻia, me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka pala, ke kūpaʻa wela, ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā waiwai mechanical. Ke kūpaʻa nei i ka pala i ka lewa, inā i ka lewa ʻoihana a i ʻole nā wahi haumia kaumaha, pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka manawa e pale aku ai i ka pala. |
Hoʻohana Maʻamau
He ākea ka manaʻolana no ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kila kila poepoe a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lako a me nā lako kīhini, ke kūkulu moku, ka petrochemical, nā mīkini, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ka meaʻai, ka mana uila, ka ikehu, ka aerospace, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻonaninani. Nā lako no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai kai, kemika, ka dye, ka pepa, ka waikawa oxalic, ka mea hoʻoulu a me nā lako hana ʻē aʻe; kiʻi paʻi kiʻi, ka ʻoihana meaʻai, nā pono o ke kahakai, nā kaulahao, nā koʻokoʻo CD, nā bolts, nā nati
Nā Huahana Nui
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaola poepoe kila kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a huki anu ʻia e like me ke kaʻina hana. ʻO nā kikoʻī kila poepoe kila kila ʻōwili wela no 5.5-250 mm. I waena o lākou: 5.5-25 mm o ke kila poepoe kila kila liʻiliʻi i hoʻolako nui ʻia i loko o nā puʻupuʻu o nā kaola pololei, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e like me nā kaola kila, nā ʻōwili a me nā ʻāpana mechanical like ʻole; kila poepoe kila kila ʻoi aku ma mua o 25 mm, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana mechanical a i ʻole no nā billets kila seamless.
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