ʻO nā papa kila kila 201 a me 304 ʻelua o nā papa i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kila kila austenitic. Aia ko lākou ʻokoʻa nui i ka haku mele kemika (ka nui o ka nickel a me ka chromium), kahi e alakaʻi hou aku ai i nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala, nā waiwai mechanical, ke kumukūʻai, a me nā hiʻohiʻona noi. Aia ma lalo kahi hoʻohālikelike kikoʻī:
1. ʻOkoʻa Kumu: Hoʻohui Kemika
ʻO Nickel (Ni) a me chromium (Cr) nā mea nui no ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala o ke kila kila. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ko lākou ʻike ʻana, ʻo ia ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā papa ʻelua:
| Papa | ʻIke Chromium (Cr) | ʻIkepili Nickel (Ni) | Ka nui o ka manganese (Mn) | Ka nui o ke kalapona (C) | Hiʻohiʻona Hoʻololi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 201 Kila Kinoea | 16%–18% | 3.5%–5.5% | 5.5%–7.5% | ≤0.15% | Hoʻohana i ka manganese kiʻekiʻe e pani i kahi ʻāpana o ka nickel no ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai |
| 304 kila kila | 18%–20% | 8%–10.5% | ≤2% | ≤0.08% | Kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka nickel a me ka chromium, ʻaʻohe pani manganese |
2. Nā ʻokoʻa hana koʻikoʻi
(1) Ke kū'ē ʻana i ka palaho
- 201 Kila Kinoea: Kūʻē maikaʻi ʻole i ka pala. Hiki iā ia ke kū i nā wahi maloʻo o loko a i ʻole nā kūlana pulu iki. He maʻalahi ia i ka popo i nā wahi kahakai, waikawa-alkali, a i ʻole nā wahi noe paʻakai kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā hui wili.
- 304 Kila Kila: Kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala. Hiki iā ia ke kū i ka makū, nā waikawa nāwaliwali a me nā alkalis, a me ka ua ma waho. ʻO ia ke koho nui no nā noi meaʻai a me nā noi kīwila, e hoʻokō ana i nā koi pale i ka pala i kēlā me kēia lā.
(2) Nā Waiwai Mekanika
- 201 Kila Kinoea: ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika iki aʻe, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o 304 i ka ductility a me ka paʻakikī. He mea maʻamau ia e nahā i ka wā e hana ai a he hana kūlou a kīkoʻo maikaʻi ʻole.
- 304 Kila Kuhiliʻole: Maikaʻi ka ductility a me ka paʻakikī, maʻalahi ke kulou, hoʻopaʻa, a hoʻopili. ʻAʻole ia e loli a nahā paha ma hope o ka hana ʻana, e kūpono ai no nā hiʻohiʻona hana paʻakikī.
(3) Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ka Mahana Kiʻekiʻe
- 201 Kila Kila ʻOle: ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe loa ma kahi o 300℃; hiki ke maʻalahi i ka oxidation a me ka deformation ma mua o kēia mahana.
- 304 Kila Kuhiliʻole: ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe loa ma kahi o 800 ℃, pili i nā wahi mahana waena a me ke kiʻekiʻe e like me nā umu a me nā pahu wai i loko o ka mea hoʻomehana wai.
(4) Kumukūʻai
- 201 Kila Kinoea: Ma muli o kona haʻahaʻa o ka nikala, he 30%–50% ka emi o ke kumu kūʻai ma mua o 304, e lilo ia i kila kila waiwai kūʻai.
- 304 Kila Kuhiliʻole: ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he mea maʻamau no nā noi kīwila a me nā noi meaʻai.
3. Hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kūlana noi
| 201 Nā Hoʻohana Papa Kila Kila | Nā noi pā kila kila 304 |
|---|---|
| Nā mea hoʻonaninani maloʻo o loko (nā mōlina puka, nā papa, nā papa hoʻolaha) | Nā lako kīhini (nā poho holoi, nā lako kīhini, nā keʻena hoʻomaʻemaʻe) |
| Nā ʻāpana kūkulu ʻaʻole e halihali ana i ka ukana, nā pale kaua, nā ʻupena anti-theft | Nā lako hana meaʻai, nā lako lapaʻau, nā paipu wai inu |
| Nā pā waho haʻahaʻa ke koi (nā wahi ʻaʻole kahakai/nā wahi i ʻino nui ʻia) | Nā paia pale o waho, nā pale lānai, nā pahu wai o loko |
| Nā papa mālama manawa pōkole, nā kaʻa lima | Nā ipu kemika, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā ʻōmole hoʻoheheʻe |
4. Nā Manaʻo Hoʻomaopopo Wikiwiki
- Hoʻopili ʻana o ka Magnet: Loaʻa i ka 201 ka nui o ka manganese, e hopena ana i ka magnetism ikaika ma mua o 304, no laila ua pili pono ia i kahi magnet. ʻAneʻane ʻaʻohe magnetism a i ʻole magnetism nāwaliwali o 304.
- Nānā ʻIke: ʻOi aku ka ʻōlinolino o ka ʻili o 201 a he maʻalahi hoʻi i nā kiko popo, ʻoiai ʻo 304 he ʻili ʻālohilohi a maʻemaʻe hoʻi ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke popo ma hope o ka hoʻohana lōʻihi.
- Hoʻāʻo Kemika Reagent: E hoʻohana i ka wai ʻike kila kila. Ke hāʻule ma ka pā, e ʻulaʻula koke ʻo 201, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻo 304 i kahi loli kala maopopo (pololei kiʻekiʻe, kūpono no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma kahi).
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-18-2025